Geology 105: History of Life
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Lecture Notes
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Introduction and Overview
Fossils 1
Fossils 2
Geologic Principles
Relative Time
Absolute Time
Diversity of Life
Evolution
Evolution and Diversity
Rates of Evolution
Extinction
Plate Tectonics
Origin of the Earth
Origin of Life
Early Precambrian (Archean) Life
Late Precambrian (Proterozoic) Life
The Cambrian Explosion
Early Paleozoic Life
Late Paleozoic Marine Life
The Invasion of Land 1
The Invasion of Land 2
The Permo-Triassic Extinctions
Mesozoic Marine Life
Mesozoic Terrestrial Life
Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinctions
Cenozoic Life

Origin of Life

Lecture 14
3/16/98

Introduction
 Continuing the discussion started on Wednesday, we examine some of probable steps in the origin of life on earth.
Key Points
 Life probably originated around 3.8 billion years ago.
 The conditions on the earth were suitable for building life.
 The building blocks of life were generated either by aboitic synthesis or arrived from extraterrestrial sources.
 These building blocks were used to generate the protiens, nucleic acids, and organic phosphates necessary for life.
 Life, once established, would change the environment so that life could not arise again.
The origins of life
 Setting the stage, 3.8 Billion years ago
 The earths atmosphere is rich in CO2, H2O, N2, lesser amounts of methane and amonia
 Temperature at the earths surface drops below 100 C
 Acidic rains fall, Erosion begins
 UltraViolet light beats down
 The earth's crust is thin and hot
 Warm mineral-rich oceans form
 The Building blocks of life
 amino acids
 nucleic acid bases, sugars, phosphoric acid
 phosphoric acid
 The origins of the building blocks
 extraterrestrial origins
 aboitic synthesis
 Steps towards life
 Concentrating the building blocks
 amino acids to proteins
 nucleic acids bases, sugar, phosphoric acid to nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
 Catalyzed reactions on clay minerals
 amino acids and nucleic acid bases are attracted and bind to clay minerals
 Forming membranes
 The big step
 Combining the building blocks into a self-replicating cell
 with cell membrane
 enclosing an environment of proteins, DNA, RNA, ATP and their building blocks.
 Once life was established it would consume the organic building blocks.